Window construction



J. EL NIFF. WINDOW CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED JULY 25.1921.

1,414,776., Patented May 2, 1922. /Z j ounce stares rarest caries- JOHNELNIFF, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN ELNIFF, a citizen of the United States,residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and. State ofMissouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in WindowConstructions, of which the following is a complete specification.

This inventionrelates to window construction and has for its objects toproduce a, window at less cost of manufacture and installation than theconventional type, which is more hygienic in that it makes provision formore efficient circulation of air by insuring the escape of the strataadjacent the ceiling, which more perfectly excludes dust,

air and rain and cannot rattle, which may be washed withoutnecessitating the cleaner to assume a dangerous position, and in whichthe glass can be replaced without removal of the sash by a personstanding in the room.

V the window from the outer side of the same.

Figure 2 is a central vertical section taken on the dotted line II-II ofFigure 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary elevation of the'inside of the window.

Figure 4 is a horizontal section of the window taken on the dotted lineIV-IV of Figure 3. a

Figure 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line V-V of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a'fragmentary vertical section taken through the transom barof the window. a

Figure 7 is a similar view taken through the bottom part of the windowframe.

In the said drawing which discloses a window frame designed primarilyfor use in a brick building, and which may be modified without inventionfor -.use 1n a frame or other building, 1 indicates the sides or jambsof the window frame, 2 the sill thereof, 3 the stool, and 1 the top ofthe frame. At its inner side the frame is provided with a top casing 5and side casings 6 extending Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 25,

reduce a window from the stool tocasing 5, and at the outer side of theframe, there are provided the brick moulding 7 extending vertically andthe top mouldlng 8. Secured to the outer Patented my 2, i922.

.1921. Serial N O. 487,220. 1 v

faces of the sides of the frame are brick anchors 9.

Extending from one jamb to the other is a transom barlO, and mountedthereon and .sloping downward and outward slightly is the transom sill11.

Secured to the lower face of the top 4 1s a split top stop 12, the

inner section of which is provided at its lower margin with aninwardly-projecting tongue 13.

The sides .1 are formed 'with inwardlyfacing vertical shoulders 14, andsecured to the inner faces of the sides and extending from the stool 3to the transom bar 10 are vertical. side stops 15 provided at theirinner margins with vertical tongues 16. Similar side'stops 15 alinedwith stops 15, extend from the transom bar sill 11 to the top stop 12and said side stops 15 are provided with inwardly-projecting tongues16*.

A top [stop for the window opening between the stool 3 and the transombar 10,

is secured to the under side of the latter and is identified by thereference character 17 and 1s provlded at its lower inner margin with aninwardly-projecting tongue 18.

the openings both above and below the transom bar 10, are provided withtop stops.

having inwardly projecting tongues and side stops having similar butvertical tongues. Both openings are provided also with bot tomtongues,that is to say, the transom bar sill 11 is provided with anupwardly-pro jecting tongue 22 and the sill 2 with a similar tongue 23,the outer sides of said tongues sloping upwardly and-inwardly for apurpose which is hereinafter explained. The form of said tongue can beseen more clearly by reference to Figures 6 and 7.

A transom is provided as a closure for the opening above the transombar, and is adapted to fit snugly in said opening and against the sidestop 15 and the split top stop 12, and said transom is hinged as at 25to the transom bar sill 11. To establish a perfectly tight joint for theexclusion of air and water from the room, grooves are provided in theouter face of the transom for the reception of the respective tongues.By reference to Figure 2, it will be seen that the top rail of thetransom is provided with a groove 26 receiving the tongue 13 of the topstop, and by reference to Figure 5, 1t will be noted that the side railsof the transom are provided with vertical grooves 27 (one onlyappearing) for the reception of the tongues 16 of the side stops 15. Thebottom-rail of the transom is provided 1n its lower edge with a groove28 conforming to and receiving the tongue 22, that is to say, the outerwall of the groove and the outer sloping face of the engaging tongueextend substantially concentrically of the hinged point of the transombar, as otherwise a snug and accurate fit between the tongue 22 andgroove 28 could not be made.

The transom is provided with a conventional latch 24: for fastening itin its closed position. To support it in an opened position, asindicated by dotted lines in Figure 2, a chain 29 is secured to a staple30' secured in one of the side stops 15*, and is adapted to engage ahook 31 secured to the transom. When the transom is closed the chainhangs in substantially theosition indicated between the screen an thetransom. .Whenthe latter is opened the chain extends ohliquely from thestaple 30 to the hook 31, as indicated by dotted-lines in Figure 2. Byengaging difi'erent links of the chain with the hook, the transom may besupported in partly opened position.

To close the lower or large opening of the window a-sash 32 is provided,and the same is hinged at its lower inner margin at 33 to the stool 3,and is adapted to close against the side stops 15 and the top stop 17The sash is also provided at its outer side with grooves for thereception of the tongues of said side and top'stops, said grooves beingrespectively identified by the characters 3a and 35. The bottom rail ofthe sash 32 is also provided with a groove 36 conforming incross-section to and receiving the tongue 23 in the same manner that thegroove 28 of the transom receives the tongue 22 of the transom sill. Itwill thus be seen that the transom'and the sash are provided at all fourmargins with a tongue and groove connection with rigid parts of -thewindow frame and hence are endowed with strength and rigidity as well aswith the property of efficiently excluding air and water.

The sash 32 under normal conditions, re-

mains in closed position and to so secure it, suitable fastenings may beemployed, those shown consisting of a pair of sash locks comprisingkeepers 37 secured to the jambs, and latches 38 secured to the sash.

The sash is adapted to open inwardly and for supporting it in thepartially opened position indicated by dotted lines in Figure 2, or in amore widely opened position, it is connected by a chain 39 to a sidestop 15 near the upper end, thereof- One endof the chain is fastenedpermanently as by a staple or otherwise to said stop, and atits oppositeend, it is adapted to engage a hook 40 secured to ,the sash.' lVhen thesash is closed the chain hangs at the outer side thereof as indicated inFigures land 2, and when open or partly opened extends inwardly 'throughthe window opening, as also indicated'by Figure 2. I i

From the foregoing it will be apparent that I have produced a windowconstruction embodying the features set forth as desirable in thestatement ofthe objects of the invention. A window construction of thetype described provides for a large lower sash and therefore givesgreater visibility than the conventional sash as there' is no check railor other obstruction for intercepting the vision, and such sash cannotbe; readily unlocked from the outside as the sash lock or sash locks arenot accessible without first cutting or breaking the glass. No weightsor pockets for weights, no pulleys or cords, and no parting stops,inside window stops, and screen frames are neces-.

sary, and the various parts of the casing can be fitted in the shop withthe great advantage thereby entailed, and as hereinbefore suggested, thewindow can be washed with, the greatest advantage and safety to theoperator and the glass can be replaced without the necessity of theoperator assuming a hazardous position.

ll claim:

1. In a window construction, a frame having top and side stops providedrespectively with horizontal and vertical inwardly-projecting tonguesoccupying the same vertical plane, and a sill having ahorizontal-upwardly-projecting tongue, the tongue of the sill havingflat faces and the outer face sloping upwardly and inwardly, incombination with a sash fitting snugly within the frame and against theinner edges of the top and side stops, and provided with horizontal andvertical grooves receiving the horizontal and vertical tongues,respectively, the said sash having'a horizontal hinge connection withthe said sill approximately concentric with respect to the slopingfaceof the tongue of the sill, and at an intermediate point of its loweredge, having a groove conforming in a plurality of planes disposedangularly with respect to each other.

2. In a-window construction, a frame hav-' ing a transom bar, asill'thereon provided with an u Wardly-projecting tongue slop-= inginwardly and upwardly at its outer side, split side stops havinginwardly projecting vertical tongues,- atop stop split" outward of theplane of said sill tongue and provided, with an inwardly projectingtongue, a screen secured at its upper and side marginsin the splits ofsaid top stop and said side stops and at its lower inargin to saidsill,'-a transom upon and hinged to the inner edge of the sill andprovided with-.a'bottomgroove to receive the sill tongue, vertical sidegrooves in its outer face to" receive the tongues of the side stops, anda horizontal 'JOHN/ELNIFF,

